Genetics of Cali Plug Strains

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Genetics:

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The differences between varying samples of the same strain may surprise a recreational user, but these inconsistencies can be more serious for medical patients who rely on specific varieties to alleviate symptoms (Lynch & Ritland). A comparison of genotypic data from 122 cali plug strains shows that while most samples share a significant proportion of the same ancestry, some exhibit little genetic cohesiveness when grouped into their respective parentage types. The pairs of samples that were assigned to genotype 1 and 2 showed the greatest genetic similarity (Table 3). However, seven of nine samples of "Durban Poison" (100% Sativa) and three of four samples of "Purple Kush" (90% Indica) shared a greater percentage of ancestry with genotype 2 than genotype 1. The same pattern was observed for hybrid strains ("Blue Dream" and "Tahoe OG", and "Larry OG" and "San Luis Obispo OG").

Despite this lack of genetic cohesiveness, most Caliplug strains still fall within a range of r-values indicative of first order genetic relatedness. Samples that were significantly different from their parents ("Tangerine" and "Island Sweet Skunk") or with a very low pairwise genetic relationship ("Chemdawg" and "Chem Dog D", respectively) were identified as outliers, and discarded from further analysis (Table 3).

Instances where two samples of the same strain had matching genotypes could indicate mislabeling or re-labeling. The most common such instances occurred between the 'Chemdawg' and 'Chem Dog D' strains, as well as the 'Larry OG' and 'San Luis Obispo OG' strains.

Nevertheless, a re-analysis of the same 122 samples with outliers removed shows that there is a significant level of genetic similarity between the remaining strains. Thus, the use of r-values and standard deviations to categorize strains remains valid. However, it is recommended that researchers carefully examine a sample’s genotype before drawing conclusions about its parentage. This way, researchers will not be influenced by outliers when making decisions about parentage and ancestry. Moreover, it would be helpful for future research to include more data from samples with differing parentage and ancestry to increase the power of statistical tests used in identifying genetic similarities. Consequently, this will enable researchers to better evaluate the accuracy of their findings and the robustness of conclusions drawn from genomic data. Moreover, it will also facilitate the development of more accurate and precise nomenclature for Cannabis. Until such time, researchers should continue to utilize the existing categorization of Sativa and Indica strains in their studies.