Michael Uhler Builds a Town Uhlerstown is the smallest town in Pennsylvania. It is located Along the Delaware River and the Canal in Tinicum Township, upper Bucks County, 65 miles North of Philadelphia.

Michael Uhler was born on February 6, 1822 in Durham Township. His Jacob married Margaret Messinger and built a stone house and barn there. Michael had 4 sisters, (Phoebe, Rebecca, Nancy and Mary) and two brothers (Peter and John).

Uhlersville (1827-1929)

Image of Uhlersville from the friends of the Delaware Canal Website

In 1824, Jacob purchased a property which contained a small farm at a sheriff’s sale in Raubsville. Peter inherited this 27.58 acre property from his father after he died in March of 1827. In the Fall of 1827, hearing that the canal construction with double locks would go through his property, Peter saw an opportunity to take advantage of the canal trade and build a center of commerce--creating Uhlersville.

Canal Boat entering the Lock at Uhlersville from the friends of the Delaware Canal Website

Michael Uhler, Store Owner (1843-1849)

He married Hannah Hunter, daughter of John van Reed and Annie Hunter of Allentown in 1847 and together they had two sons and two daughters.

The Allentown New York Store Advertisement
Ad for the New York Store, The Lehigh register, 9/20/1849

Michael Uhler, Merchant, Coal Dealer and Lime Manufacturer (1849-1852)

For his next venture, Michael purchased 30 acres of the finest limestone property in Northampton County just below Easton and he constructed 8 large limestone kilns along the canal bank for the manufacture of lime. His produced 250,000 bushels of lime, annually. The lime was loaded into canal boats and delivered to farmers along the Delaware Division, Morris and Delaware and Raritan Canals.

Lime Kiln on Route 611 just South of Easton, PA

Michael Uhler, Town Proprieter and Entrepreneur (1852-1896)

In 1852, Michael diversified his holdings purchasing the 14 acre plot of land then known as the town of Mexico in Tinicum Township, Bucks County. At the time of his purchase the town had a store, an inn and a coal yard.

Michael imedieately sought to make improvements in the town, seeking funds from the state to repair the lock in the canal.

Jeffersonian, 2/19/1852

In 1854, Michael built a brick mansion house in town in the Gothic Style with peaked gable end roofs and decorative scrollwork.

A Description of Michael Uhler's House
Later article describing the house. News Herald 6/14/1888

Photo of Michael Uhler's home, from Images of America: Tinicum Township, Bucks County by Patricia Valentine Whitacre and Richard A. Plank

Michael continued his lime and coal businesses, adding 6 lime kilns in town, and utilizing the existing coal yard.

Two of the Uhlertown Lime Kilns

Over the course of the next two decades, Michael Uhler engaged in many other new enterprises. He built a lumber yard and set up a boat building establishment. Upwards of 100 men were kept in his employ throughout the year.

The boats were used to transport all of Michael's products including: Lime, Coal, Lumber, Hay and Flour.

Allentown Democrat 3/7/1880

By 1871, Uhlertown had grown to include 6 lime kilns, a Boat Shop, a Hotel, a Grist Mill, two Stores, a Saddle Shop, a Blacksmith Shop and a School House.

Uhlertown Detail from the Combination Atlas of Pennsylvania, Bucks County, J. D. Scott, 1876

Michael Uhler, Miller (1872)

In 1872, Michael Uhler's new grist mill was powered by both water and steam, and was noted for its excellent quality of roller process flour and different brands of choice feed.

Uhler's Mill on the left circa 1917 from Delaware and Lehigh Canals by Ann Bartholomew

A hotel existed on the site of this town since before the first covered bridge was constructed to connect Uhlerstown with Frenchtown. The earliest served the ferry trade, but was burned down by fire in 1849. The hotel was rebuilt after a second fire in 1852. The ensuing brick hotel, The Delaware Valley House, was owned by Levi Ruth from 1853 to 1897. In 1890 it was remodeled with a third floor addition.

Michael had many civic responsibilities, as well. He served as a Director of the Union National Bank of Frenchtown for 25 years, and as an officer of the Union Cemetery in Frenchtown. He was also the Director of the Poor for Tinicum, and sat on the building committee for the Upper Tinicum Lutheran Church. He even sat on the Committee of Arrangement for the Fourth of July Celebration in 1866.

Director of the Poor
News Herald, 9/27/1894
Officer of the Union Cemetery of Frenchtown
Philadelphia Inquirer, 10/15/1895
Michael Uhler, Bank Director, Union National Bank of Frenchtown (1871-1896)

The Hunterdon Democrat lists Michael Uhler as a Bank Director for the Union National Bank of Frenchtown, every year from 1871 until his death.

Union National Bank of Frenchtown, from Frenchtown by Rick Epstein
Michael Uhler, Building Committee for the Upper Tinicum Lutheran Church

In 1893 the congregation of the Upper Tinicum Lutheran Church decided to replace their exiting building (shown below) with a new brick church with a slate roof in the amount of $10,000. As a member of the Building Committee, Michael was responsible for drawing up the plans and hiring the contractor, Mr. Henry Frankenfield.

Church rebuilt by the Frankenfield Builders

News Herald, 4/27/1893

Photo of the Upper Tinicum Lutheran Church before the new construction from Images of America: Tinicum Township, Bucks County by Patricia Valentine Whitacre and Richard A. Plank

By 1891, Uhlertown had grown to include a Lumber Yard, Lime Kilns, Lumber and Grist Mills, Stone Yard, a Hay Press, a Store House, a Harness Shop, a Blacksmith Shop, a School House as well as 2 Hotels, 2 Stores and 2 Churches. In addition, there were a dozen workers houses noted.

Michael Uhler was not without troubles. Newspaper articles throughout his lifetime describe instances of threats, theft, embezzlement, and assault upon his person as well as accidental disasters which impacted his businesses.

THREATS

As early as 1869 Michael Uhler found him self the target of threats. This article from The Record on May 1, 1869 shares the tale of one Aaron Algard, horse thief, escaped from the county jail, who sent a threatening letter to Michael Uhler which stated,

"That unless the Slifers, who were convicted some time ago of robbery, are speedily released his [Michael's] buildings will be burnt down."

In 1875, according to the Bucks County Gazette,  Michael Uhler found himself the victim of several accounts of theft and embezzlement.

In 1875 Samuel Barnes, with whom Uhler had boarded his mules was accused of stealing some of Uhler's property from the stable.

That same year, a Mr. Hill was hired to sell 1200 bushels of Uhler's grain. He sold the lot and departed westward with the proceeds in the amount of $500.

Also in 1875 a Mr. Young, commissioned to sell Lime for Michael Uhler, embezzled a large sum of money from his employer.

Michael was beset by accidents: the drowning of a valuable mule, the disappearance of boat and boatman, The loss of a dozen mules in a stable fire, and the injury of an employee during a quarry blast, to name a few.

Mule Drowned
Allentown Democrat 9/9/1880
Canal Boatman Missing
Allentown Democrat 11/7/1894
Mule Stables Burned and Employee Injured in Blasting Explosion
Landsdale Report 8/1/1889

There was even an instance when Michael Uhler was brutally assaulted. Uhler apparently interrupted William Riegel and William Emroy in the theft of some flour at Uhler's Grist Mill. Uhler was beaten senseless. The culprits were arrested, but they made a daring escape. It was two years before they were recaptured and brought to trial.

Left: Morning Call 12/25/1890, Right: News Herald 6/9/1892

One of the biggest losses to Michael Uhler's businesses was the burning of his Hay Press in 1897. The below articles describe the fire, damage and reconstruction of the Hay Press. They also mention that the Hay Press had burned two previous times, once in 1873 and again 1878.

Allentown Leader, 11/17/1897

Henry Frankenfield was hired to rebuild the Hay Press, the same carpenter who rebuilt both the Upper and Lower Tinicum Lutheran Churches, as well as conducted the repairs on the Hay Press after the two previous fires.

Allentown Leader, 12/16/1897

Photo: Construction of Lower Tinicum Church by the Frankenfields from Images of America: Tinicum Township, Bucks County by Patricia Valentine Whitacre and Richard A. Plank

Michael Uhler died of Consumption on August 26, 1896.

Michael Uhler lived a long, robust life. He died at the age of 74. He left his estate to his one surviving daughter Emma A. Opdyke of Frenchtown.

Uhlerstown without an Uhler

Unlike most estates, the heirs wished to sell the town intact, keeping Michael Uhler's legacy alive. The first candidate to try and purchase the town, was Alonzo Nicholas.

In 1897, having served his term as sheriff, Nicholas went into contract with the Uhler heirs to buy the whole town. The deal was contingent on absolute title being cleared.

The Morning Call, February 13, 1897

Unfortunately for Nicholas and the Uhler descendants, the Delaware Canal Company filed a claim on the property and the deal fell through.

Philadelphia Inquirer, March 14, 1897

Just over a year later on April 1, 1898, the heirs were able to successfully sell the town, this time to Theodore M. Moyer, Justice of the Peace and owner of several creameries in Pennsylvania and New Jersey for $15,000.

Philadelphia Inquirer, February 6, 1898

Today Michael Uhler's legacy, Uhlertown, is one of the most historically complete canal villages, from its covered bridge to its limekilns, along the Delaware Division of the Pennsylvania Canal effectively reflecting a century of canal life.

This Presentation was created by Amy Hollander, Historic Resources Manager, Bucks County Parks and Recreation